Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB), also known as Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome (SAHS), is a common disease among middle-aged and elderly people. If SAHS exists during sleep, insufficient breathing during sleep will lead to insufficient oxygen intake and ineffective discharge of carbon dioxide from the body, resulting in neuroregulation dysfunction, endocrine disorders and hemodynamic changes, resulting in multi-system and multi-organ damage. Serious complications occurred. Severely ill patients may even die due to cardiopulmonary dysfunction and rapid increase in blood pressure, resulting in brain damage or sudden death from suffocation during sleep.
Main symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing
( 1 ) Night
1. Snoring: Snoring is a typical symptom of sleep-disordered breathing.
2. Apnea: Most patients have short-term apnea, and the apnea is mostly accompanied by gasping, waking up or loud snoring.
3. Awakening: Sudden awakening after apnea, often accompanied by turning over, involuntary movements of the limbs or even convulsions, or suddenly sitting up, feeling palpitation, chest tightness or heart discomfort.
4. Hyperactivity and restlessness: Because of the low blood oxygen level, the patient frequently turns over at night, and the body position changes repeatedly.
5. Sweating: sweating a lot, especially on the neck/upper chest. Hyperhidrosis is associated with hypercapnia due to respiratory effort and apnea following airway obstruction.
6. Nocturia: Some patients have increased frequency of urination at night, and some patients have enuresis.
7. Abnormal sleep behavior: manifested as fear, screaming, raving, night wandering, auditory hallucinations, etc.
( 2 ) daytime
1. Dozing off and drowsiness: are the most common symptoms of patients with sleep-disordered breathing, mildly manifested as sleepiness and lethargy during daytime work or study time, and in severe cases, they will fall asleep while eating and talking with others. Because of daytime sleepiness, work-related accidents sometimes occur, especially traffic accidents caused by dozing off while driving.
2. Dizziness and fatigue: Due to repeated apnea and hypoxemia at night, the continuity of sleep is interrupted, the number of awakenings increases, and the quality of sleep decreases. There are often mildly different dizziness, fatigue, and fatigue.
3. Abnormal mental behavior: inattention, decline in fine operation ability, decline in memory and judgment, incompetence for work when symptoms are severe, and dementia in the elderly. Nocturnal hypoxemia damage to the brain and changes in sleep structure, especially the reduction of deep sleep phase are the main reasons.
4. Headache: It often occurs in the early morning or at night. The dull pain is more common, not severe, and can last for 1-2 hours. Sometimes it can be relieved by taking painkillers. It is associated with increased blood pressure, intracranial pressure and changes in cerebral blood flow.
5. Personality changes: irritability, irritability, anxiety, etc. Family and social life are affected to some extent. Depression can occur as a result of growing emotional estrangement from family members and friends.
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